Institute of Acoustics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
researchers, the National Acoustic Standard Ultrasound Technology Committee – acoustic branch of the Secretary-General, Professor Niu Fengqi a recent interview, repeatedly stressed that clinicians should know about ultrasound safety regulations, knowledge and operating skills, and actively used with caution, and to prohibit application of non-medical purposes; the safety of diagnostic ultrasound is conditional, its technical progress is a benefit and Risk Coexisting double-edged sword.

Ultrasound diagnosis of the safety concept
80 years since the last century since the ultrasound was seen as a safe sound technology is widely used in China, and even become a routine pregnancy check means.

But now, the situation has changed. Bovine Fengqi told reporters, Ultrasonic wave Clinical diagnosis as information carriers must have certain safety limits in order to ensure that no parts were irradiated produce harmful biological effects. To biological effects of ultrasound on the fetus, for example, Expert Most concerned about fetal ultrasonography in the temperature, that is, the impact of thermal effects, because a large number of studies have demonstrated a teratogenic effect fever. Therefore, the focus of the study shall seek to define the possible biological effects caused by temperature and exposure time, and then determine the cause of such a temperature rise of the ultrasonic output level, and then based on these data to establish the scope or standard security applications.

Cattle Fengqi that the ultrasonic sound is nothing wrong with the early publicity, “which is based on the low output in terms of sound intensity.” Today, echocardiography (M Ultra), pulsed wave spectral Doppler, color flow imaging, the realization of many new features, often is to enhance the sound intensity for the pre-conditions and the thermal effects and mechanical effects, etc. they simply repeating what exacerbated by strong increases. The higher the sound intensity, the greater the depth imaging, image more clear, the higher signal to noise ratio when collecting information. There is no doubt enjoying the benefits of such high-tech, while the potential risk of ultrasonic irradiation is also increasing. Because of this, the international ultrasound medical sector ALARA principle of “necessary in the clinical diagnostic information can be obtained under the premise to be used at the lowest possible sound output.” This principle provides that the power output should be done with a suitable detection; If in doubt, should be low output, only when necessary, improve them; when used in obstetrics, the operating mode of each key should be placed in the lowest output adjustment state until the probe by the operator when necessary to improve the sound power.

Should keep abreast of changes in international norms
Then our clinical application of ultrasound to whether strict compliance with the relevant provisions of the security risk does not exist? Niu Fengqi not think so.

He pointed out that clinical application of color Doppler ultrasound and other high-end equipment, almost all produced in the United States and other Western countries. Published in 1985, FDA “for medical ultrasound diagnostic equipment acoustic output measurement and reporting guidelines” set forth in the body parts of the diagnostic space peak – average sound intensity (Ispta) (the most closely linked with the temperature parameters) expressed the greatest sound output: Ophthalmology , 17 mW / mm; fetus and others (including the abdomen, Pediatrics , Small parts), 94 mW / mm; heart, 430 mW / mm; peripheral, 720 mW / mm. The U.S. government in 1991 liberalized the output value of ultrasonic sound, FDA again in 1993 to achieve safe way to do Ultrasound significant changes on the one hand While the diagnosis of the biggest parts of the field restrictions remain the original value of sound intensity, but the actual product the maximum output capacity to 720 milliwatts is all relaxed / square cm; the other hand, to avoid patients suffering from high intensity irradiation of the calamity, attached prerequisites: diagnostic equipment required to install the corresponding acoustic output display system, that additional thermal index (TI ) and (or) mechanical index (MI) screen display, and provides two indices allowed limit in clinical adjustment by the operator to control the buttons on. This regulation will be greater and the ultimate responsibility to the doctor (or medical physicists), they must understand the acoustic output measurements and used to guide clinical exploration, based on differences in the clinical target selection is safe without excessive sound output level.

Ultrasound diagnostic equipment to enhance the acoustic output of the control, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) in 1992 established “acoustic output of medical ultrasound diagnostic equipment disclosure requirements” (IEC61157-1992) provides the host with the probe for all the combinations work mode, the acoustic output (in water measured value), the spatial peak – average sound intensity (Ispta)

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