The problem of human trafficking has caught the attention of healthcare authorities like The Joint Commission, the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. All three have put out new resources and alerts on the problem, in addition to teaching providers how to respond to it.
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Tag Archives: Human
Q&A: The Joint Commission on human trafficking
In June, The Joint Commission Quick Safety Issue 42: Identifying Human Traf-ficking Victims was published. Elizabeth Even, MSN, RN, CEN, is the associate director of Clinical Standards Interpretation in the Division of Healthcare Improvement at The Joint Commission. She is board-certified in emergency nursing (BCEN) as well as trauma nurse–certified and has served as one of the clinical leads in developing a three-tiered security approach in response to violent traumas in an urban Level I trauma center.
Human trafficking and healthcare
Do you know the likelihood of recognizing a human trafficking victim? One who came to your facility seeking medical care? Sat with you, spoke with you, was treated by you?
Your chances are about 13% that you’ll recognize them.
Use 2019 I-10 Codes to Stop Human Trafficking
Medical coders are at the front line of the fight to stop human trafficking with new ICD-10-CM codes effective October 1. and the American Hospital Association (AHA) is encouraging medical coders to identify signs in the documentation and use the new codes. Trafficking Terms in Documentation The AHA believes providers see victims of human trafficking […]
AAPC Knowledge Center
Medical Helminthology and its significance to Human Health
According to the way of development, parasites are classified into biochelminthes and geohelminthes. Geohelminthes develop without intermediate hosts. Soil is the best environment for their egg’s development. Humans are infected through dirty fruits and vegetables which contain geohelminthe’s eggs (for example, Ascaris lumbricoideus). Biohelminthes have complete life cycle with intermediate hosts. There are tropical connections between definitive and intermediate hosts (for example, Taenia solium).
General characteristics of Flatworms (Phylum Plathelminthes)
The flatworms (phylum platyhelminthes) consists of some 12,200 species. These ribbon-shaped, soft-bodied animals are also called because they are flattened dorsoventrally, from top to bottom. Flatworms are among the simplest of bilaterally symmetrical animals, but they have a definite head at the anterior end. Their bodies are solid: the only internal space consists of the digestive cavity. Flatworms are acoelomates. The acoelomates are some bilaterally symmetrical animals that have no body cavity at all other than the digestive system.
Phylum Plathelminthes includes two classes:
1. Class Trematoda
2. Class Cestoda
General characteristics of class Trematoda (Flukes):
1. Flattened dorsoventrally (leaf-like).
2. Unsegmented
3. Body is covered by cuticle
4. Organs of fixation: Oral sucker, ventral sucker
5. Organs and systems of flatworms: digestive system, excretory system, nervous system, genital system: Trematodes are hermaphrodites except genus schistosoma.
6. The Life cycle is passed in two hosts (alternation of hosts) and has sexual and asexual stages.
Blood Flukes
Genus Schistosoma (S.haematobium, S.mansoni, S.japonicum), which affect population of Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East. Three species of the Schistosoma cause the disease called schistosomiasis.
Localization
Venous vessels of bowel, liver, bladder. Schistosoma mansoni causes Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis, Schistosoma japonicum causes Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis and Schistosoma haematobium causes Urinary Schistosomiasis. Infection is transmitted through the skin of larvae (cercariae) from snail hosts. Its infective stage is Cercariae, definitive host is man, intermediate host is the snail and mode of transmission is by penetration of skin.
CLinical manifestations
In Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis, Eosinophilia, granulomatous polyps in colon, fever, anorexia, weight loss, anemia, portal hypertension; dysentry and cirrhosis of liver; prurit skin rash. Eggs go back through portal circulation to liver, causing hepatomegaly, liver tenderness. The clinical manifestations of Urinary schistosomiasis: eosinophilia, hematuria, terminal dysuria (pain, difficulty at the end of urination); Obstructed urine flow.
The laboratory diagnosis of Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis is the determination of eggs with lateral spine in feces. And for Urinary Schistosomiasis is eggs with terminal spine in urine.
Treatment is by administering Praziquantel. But if the Brain is involved or the illness becomes severe, corticosteroids may be given.
Prevention involves proper disposal of human waste and eradication of the snail host when possible. Swimming in endemic areas should be avoided.
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The medical importance of Insects to Human Health
Insects are by far the largest group of organisms (Class Insecta) on earth. Whether measured in terms of numbers of species or numbers of individuals. Insects live in every conceivable habitat on land and fresh water, and a few have even invaded the sea. More than 70% of all named animal species are insects, and the actual proportion is doubtless much higher, because millions of additional forms await detection, classification and naming.
Most insects are relatively small, ranging in size from 0.1mm to head, thorax, and abdomen; three pairs of legs, all attached to the thorax; and one pair of antennae. In addition, they may have one or two pairs of wings. Most insects have compound eyes, and many have ocelli as well. The mouth parts of insects are elaborate. They usually consist of the jaws or mandibles, which are tough and unsegmented; a secondary pair of mouth parts, the maxillae, which are segmented; and the lower lip, or labium, which probably evolved from the fusion of another pair of maxilla-like structures. The upper lip, called the labrium, is of less certain origin. The hypopharynx is short, tongue-like organ (in chewing insects) that lies between the maxillae and above the labium, the salivary glands usually open on or near hypopharynx. Within this basic structural framework. the mouth parts vary widely among groups of insects, mainly in relation to their feeding habits.
Many orders of insects- such as Coleoptera, the beetles; Hymenoptera, grasshoppers, crickets, and their relatives- have chewing, or mandibulae mouth parts. In other orders, the mouth parts may be elongated or style-like. For example, in some flies (order Diptera) such as mosquitoes, black flies, and horse flies. there are six piercing, fused styles: the labrium, the mandibles, the maxillae, and the hypopharynx; the labium sheaths the stylets. In more advanced flies, the labium may be the principal piercing organ or may be expanded into large soft lobes through which liquid food is absorbed. The insect thorax consists of three segments (tagmata), each of which has a pair of legs. Occasionally, one or more of these pairs of legs is absent. Legs are completely absent in the larvae of certain groups- for example, in most members of the order Hymenoptera, the bees, wasps and ants- and among the flies, order Diptera. If two pairs of wings are present, they are attached to the middle and posterior segments of the thorax; if only one pair of wings is present, it is usually attached to the middle segment. The thorax is almost entirely filled with muscles that operate the legs and wings. The wings of insects arise as sack-like outgrowth of the body wall; in adult insects, they are solid, except for the veins. The internal features of insects resemble those of the other arthropods. Insects posses sophisticated means of sensing their environment, including sensory hairs to detect chemical signals called pheromones. Most young insects hatch from fertilized eggs laid outside their mother’s body. The zygote develops within the egg into young insect, which escapes by chewing its way out or by bursting the shell. During the course of their development into adults, young insects undergo ecdysis a number of times before they become adults and stop molting permanently. Most insects molt 4 to 8 times during the course of their development. The stages between the molts are defined as instars.
Metamorphosis
There are two principal kinds of metamorphosis in insects: simple and complete. In simple metamorphosis, the wings develop internally during the juvenile stages and appear externally only during the resting stages that immediately preceeds the final molt. During this stage, the insect is called a pupa or chrysais, depending on the group to which it belongs. A pupa does not normally move around much, although the pupae of mosquitoes do move around freely. A very large amount of internal reorganization of the insect’s body takes place while it is a pupa or chrysalis. In the insects with simple metamorphosis, the immature stages are often called nymphs. They are usually quite similar to the Adults, differing mainly in their smaller size, less well-developed wings, and sometimes in their color. More than 90% of the insects, including the members of all of the largest and most successful orders, display complete metamorphosis, in which the juvenile stages and adults often live in distinct habitats, have different habits, and are usually extremely different in form. In these insects, development is indirect. Larvae in insects are immature stages, often worm-like, which differ greatly in appearance from the adults of the same species. Larvae do not have compound eyes. They may be legless or have legs as well as sometimes having leg like appendages on the abdomen. Pupae do not feed and are usually relatively inactive. As pupae, insects are extremely vulnerable to predators and parasites, they are often covered by a cocoon or some other protective structure. Groups of insects with complete metamorphosis include the moths, and butterflies; beetles; bees, wasp, and ants; flies and fleas.
I am Funom Theophilus Makama. I advertise through writing. As a platinum expert Author, I write lots of articles and hence promote interested websites, companies, groups, organizations, and communities through publishing and distributing my articles. For more information on this interesting venture, click on the link below
http://funom-makama.blogspot.com/2010/07/advertising-contracts.html
I am an expert Author and writer. I write, publish, re-publish and distribute very good articles around the internet. With professional techniques, such as SEO, social bookmarking, social netowrking, Google ads and more, I am able to generate traffic thereby aiding me to advertise products, companies, websites, groups, communities etc. Hence I advertise through writing and distribution of articles
Medical Significance Of Milk To Human Health
What makes Milk worth taking about? And how is it medically important to the Human health? Well! For the start, it is definitely a food material of special importance. It is almost complete, an ideal food and contains most of the proximate principles of a well balanced diet required for human body. It is thus the nearest approach to perfect food. It forms the only diet for children to the age of a year or so. It is the best source of Calcium in diet both on account of quality and the valuable biological value to the body. Milk contains the following proximate principles:1. Carbohydrates. The carbohydrate in all Milks is lactose or Milk sugar (4-5%). Human Milk contains more Lactose than cow’s Milk.2. Fats. Fats contain 3.5% to 4% of fats in emulsified form. Milk fat is a good source of Vitamins A and D when Milk is allowed to stand for sometime, fat rises to the surface as cream, Chemically, milk fat consists of some vital fatty acids.3. Vitamins. It also contains all the vitamins except Vitamin E. In summer, cows feed on grass, produce Milk containing large amounts of vitamins B, C and D. But in winter, amount of Vitamins A and D in Milk is much reduced.4. Mineral salts. Phosphates and chlorides of Calcium, potassium and sodium are all constituents of Milk. It is very poor in Iron.The average composition of Milk from various sources is as follows;Cow Milk contains 3.2% of proteins; 4.4% of Lactose, 4.1% of Fats; and 87.5% of water.
Goat Milk contains 3.5% of Protein, 4.6% of Lactose, 4.5% of Fats and 86.5% of water.
Human milk contains 1.1% of protein; 7.4% of Lactose; 3.4% of Fats and 88.0% of water.Milk borne diseasesThe Important Milk borne diseases are; Directly from the milked animal; Tuberculosis, Brucellosis, streptococcus infection, Malta fever and Anthrax.
Indirectly from the Human handler or environment; Typhoid and para-typhoid fevers, cholera, Dysentery, Diphtheria and Viral Hepatitis.Therefore, Milk must be well pasteurized in order to consider it fit for consumption. Everything discussed about Milk here is based on pasteurized Milk and if you are not too sure about the Milk you are taking, please to do not take it.CreamIt is prepared by allowing the Milk to stand for a considerable time in the cold so that butter fat may rise to the top and then removing the top layer. The fat or cream may be separates from Milk mechanically through a centrifuge machine known as cream may contain about 50% fat. Besides Milk fat, cream contains proteins and lactose also.ButterIt is the most nutritious and easily digestible form of all fats. Good butter should neither be varied nor have an unpleasant odor. Its average composition should be; water (12-15%), fat (80-90%), caseinogens (1-3%), Lactose (1%), ash (2-3%), salt and vitamins (very little variable amount).CheeseIt is very concentrated protein food and methods of making it vary at different places. It is prepared by coagulating caseinogens of whole milk or skimmed milk with rennet. Cheeses differ by high content of protein (20-25%), fat (25-30%) and what is also important is calcium and phosphorus.The fat content of different diary products varies a lot and much of this is saturated fat, which can raise cholesterol and is linked to heart diseases. Most cheeses contain between 20 to 40g fat per 100g. If you’re trying to make the healthier choice, you don’t need to avoid cheese, but it’s a good idea to keep a check on how much you eat and how often. If you are using cheese to flavor a dish or a sauce, you could try using a very strong, tasting cheese.Another option is to choose reduced fat hard cheeses, which usually contain fat (3g fat per 100g or less) including reduced fat cottage cheese and quark. If you are trying to cut down on fat, it is a good idea to go for semi- skimmed or skimmed milk and low fat yogurt. These products contain at least the same amount of protein, B vitamins, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and zinc as full fat versions. They just contain less fat. Cream and butter are high in fat, so try to use them sparingly. You can use plain yogurt instead of cream or even sourced creams in recipes. Low fat spreads can be used instead of butter.It is also worth remembering that some dairy products can be high in salt, and too much salt can cause high blood pressure (hypertension), which is also linked to heart disease. Adults should be eating no more than 6g of salt a day. Some flavored and malted milk products and shakes tend to contain added sugar which can be bad for our teeth. You can check the amount of fat, salt and sugar by looking at the nutrition information on the label. If you compare similar products, you will be able to choose the ones with lower amounts.Diet and curative propertyMilk does not excite gastric secretion enough. It is connected with small content of Nitrogen containing extractive substances. That is why milk is widely used in curative and diet nourishment and almost in all diets. Diuretic effect of Milk is correlation between Potassium and Sodium which is 3:1. Lactic acid stimulates secretory action of stomach, supporting normal and symbiotic microorganisms of intestinal tract and depresses putrefactive microbes. Thanks to that available antibiotic substance and small number of alcohol which appear after fermentation of sour milk products (yogurt and acid-loving yeast) stimulate appetite, regulate motility of intestine (one-day products accelerated and three day products depress) have expressed bactericidal property, slow down fermentation and putrefactive process in intestinal tract.Yogurt is used in treatment of patients with tuberculosis, because it is made on basis of mare’s albuminous milk whose proteins has much better assimilation, also make better appetite, content specific antibiotic substance to Tuberculosis bacteria, normalize work of intestinal tract and make diuretic influence. Lipid digesting and anti-sclerotic property of milk is caused by available lecithin. Prophylaxis and treatment of Osteoporosis is made by milk calcium with vitamin D. Antibiotic influence of milk and milk products on the Liver is possible due to available protein of full value, sulfur containing amino acid and choline. That property is used in treatment and prophylactic nourishment.Influence of Milk products on the Organism1. Sour Milk Stimulates appetite. It stimulates the secretory and mechanical functions of the intestine. Lactic acid improves the development of useful microbes in the intestine. It is a rational nutrition of all population groups but should not be taken when suffering from cases as; Ulcer disease of stomach and duodenum with increased acidity.2. Kefir Milk stimulates appetite. It influences the secretory and mechanical function of the intestine. It improves the development of symbiotic microbes in the intestine. It is a rational nutrition of all population groups and should not be used in same cases as in sour milk.3. Greasy Kefir Milk has same qualities as the first two aforementioned milk types only that it can also be recommended for patients with Diabetes.4. Non greasy Kefir Milk has same qualities as well, but can be recommended for patients with Obesity, diseases of cardiovascular system and Liver problems.5. Light Kefir (1 day) has same qualities as the previous, but in addition, it can serve as a laxative and hence indicated for constipation and spastic colitis.6. Middle Kefir (2 days) has exact qualities as the first two milk types.7. Strong Kefir (3 days) has same qualities as the first two milk types but in addition, it is used as an anti putrid and strengthening agent. It can be recommended for cases of Gastritis with decreased acidity, chronic Colitis and diarrhea.8. Koumiss is milk with albumins and it is well digested in the organisms. It stimulates appetite, stimulates gastric secretion, activates peristalsis of intestine, decreases putrid processes in intestine, and eliminates mycobacterium tuberculosis, decreased acidity of gastric Juice, intoxication, exhaustion and anemia.9. Light Koumiss is the same as koumiss only that it is a laxative and hence recommended or indicated for constipation.10. Acid loving products are as follows; acid-loving milk and acid-loving yeast milk. They stimulate appetite; influence the secretory and mechanical function of stomach and intestine. They have considerable bactericidal properties, slow putrid processes in intestine. They are recommended for inflammation of the Large Intestine, dysentery, tuberculosis, constipation, exhaustion and ray disease. But should not be taken in diseases such as Ulcer disease with increased secretion, gastritis and Inflammation of the Pancreas.11. Yogurt stimulates appetite, influences the secretory and mechanical function of the intestine. It has middle bacterial-killing properties and slow putrid processes in the intestine. A rational nutrition of all population groups, children’s nutrition, prophylaxis of bacterial diseases caused by imbalance of the normal or symbiotic microbes in our bodies and it is contraindicated in Ulcer disease with increased secretion, gastritis and Inflammation of the Pancreas.12. Sour Cheese (greasy middle and non greasy) partially fills the organism needs in proteins, essential amino acids, well digested calcium, growth and lipid digesting substances. Especially important for women, children and Old people. It has considerable lipid digesting properties due to the presence of choline and lecithin. It is highly recommended for children, acute and chronic hepatitis, inflammation of the gall bladder, Ischemic heart disease, obesity, diabetes, exhaustion, osteoporosis and fractures. It is contra indicated in a case of high phosphate level in blood.As earlier stated, to have an idea of how nutritious and fully packaged Milk is, just consider Breast Milk in which the newborn feeds on till some period of time. If it were not complete, or lacks some vital nutrients, the Child will definitely grow up with some deficiencies. Milk is so nutritive to be ignored and medically important to be ignorant of. So therefore, you do not have to be a medical practitioner to know this.
Why is Milk so important to be discussed? It is easy to take and hence individuals of all ages are not restricted to it. Not only that, it has almost all the nutrients required, and so therefore you will not be doing that bad if you feed constantly on milk. Even in the days of Old, phrases use Milk as a symbol of enrichment and abundance.
Help contacting a human at Healthnet for Veteran’s Choice
Hello,
Any suggestions on how to speak to a human at Healthnet for a Veteran’s Choice issue with claims. I’ve waited on hold for up to three hours, never getting through to a human. Healthnet’s provider lines, for non veterans insurance, when called result in speaking with a human promptly.
Thank you
Dorothy
Human Coding Vs Coding By Automated Software
Well, there is always being a question regarding human and technology .Which one of these two is better? Some people say that technology is the necessity of human and without technology, human is not able to do most of the things. While some people have only one statement that man can create technology and without man technology is nothing but a useless machine.
In the context of PSD to HTML conversion, same issue is there while coding of markups is to be done. There are Issues on which option to take for PSD to HTML conversion, between human coding and automated software for coding. Both have some advantages and disadvantages.
Conversion Using Software
There are software available in the market for PSD to XHTML/HTML conversion and that too free of cost. You can download that software from internet without any cost and obligation. Manufacturer of these software claims that this software can convert PSD files into desired formats in a very less time in comparison to human coding. Using software for PSD to HTML conversion has its own advantage. Those who are using this software can easily convert PSD to HTML regardless they are having sound knowledge of coding or web designing. Moreover, the time taken in this conversion is very less in compare to human coding. So, we can say, it is fast and easy to do the PSD to HTML conversion by using software.
There are some disadvantages also with the software using PSD to CSS/HTML conversion. Many expert believe and found that this conversion is inaccurate somewhere and it cant come up with readable conversion. Also, due to mechanical conversion, the design is of medium type and customer doesnt take interest in it.
Conversion by Human Coding
PSD to HTML conversion is a very tiresome task and it requires lots of time with sound knowledge of web designing, skills and experience of PSD to HTML conversion. Professional service provider is expert of doing this task of PSD to HTML conversion effectively and efficiently for their customer. Biggest advantage of manual coding process is that it is a basis of search engine optimization and the coding is done according to the keywords trapped by search engine. In the human coding process, coding is done manually and this helps in reducing the file size and at the same time increases the readability. As this coding is simple and web designers understand it fully, it is easy to preform further conversions based on this coding like psd to wordpress, psd to joomla etc.
Xhtml.pixelcrayons.com converts your design files from various common image formats (PSD, JPG, GIF, PNG, AI) into best quality cross-browser compatible W3C validated XHTML/CSS markup. Check xhtml.pixelcrayons for our PSD to HTML Conversion and integration such as PSD to drupal, PSD to WordPress etc.
Human Coding Vs Coding By Automated Software
Well, there is always being a question regarding human and technology .Which one of these two is better? Some people say that technology is the necessity of human and without technology, human is not able to do most of the things. While some people have only one statement that man can create technology and without man technology is nothing but a useless machine.
In the context of PSD to HTML conversion, same issue is there while coding of markups is to be done. There are Issues on which option to take for PSD to HTML conversion, between human coding and automated software for coding. Both have some advantages and disadvantages.
Conversion Using Software
There are software available in the market for PSDÂ to XHTML/HTML conversion and that too free of cost. You can download that software from internet without any cost and obligation. Manufacturer of these software claims that this software can convert PSD files into desired formats in a very less time in comparison to human coding. Using software for PSD to HTML conversion has its own advantage. Those who are using this software can easily convert PSD to HTML regardless they are having sound knowledge of coding or web designing. Moreover, the time taken in this conversion is very less in compare to human coding. So, we can say, it is fast and easy to do the PSDÂ to HTML conversion by using software.
There are some disadvantages also with the software using PSDÂ to CSS/HTML conversion. Many expert believe and found that this conversion is inaccurate somewhere and it can’t come up with readable conversion. Also, due to mechanical conversion, the design is of medium type and customer doesn’t take interest in it.
Conversion by Human Coding
PSD to HTML conversion is a very tiresome task and it requires lots of time with sound knowledge of web designing, skills and experience of PSD to HTML conversion. Professional service provider is expert of doing this task of PSDÂ to HTML conversion effectively and efficiently for their customer. Biggest advantage of manual coding process is that it is a basis of search engine optimization and the coding is done according to the keywords trapped by search engine. In the human coding process, coding is done manually and this helps in reducing the file size and at the same time increases the readability. As this coding is simple and web designers understand it fully, it is easy to preform further conversions based on this coding like psd to wordpress, psd to joomla etc.
Xhtml.pixelcrayons.com converts your design files from various common image formats (PSD, JPG, GIF, PNG, AI) into best quality cross-browser compatible W3C validated XHTML/CSS markup. Check xhtml.pixelcrayons for our PSD to HTML Conversion and integration such as PSD to drupal, PSD to WordPress etc.